Fodder trees pdf files

Using fodder from trees and shrubs to feed livestock in the tropics. Promising fodder tree options for different provinces in afghanistan khaurin. Oak quercus robur timber, biodiversity and sheep love oak acorns even though conventional farming wisdom tells us they are poisonous. There are opportunities to increase goat production with the use of shrub legume and trees. However, some trees survive in grassland environments, which typically get little rain. Trees can play a significant role in addressing some of the factors that limit the sustainability and productivity of livestock. For growth and milk production, protein is a major.

In this partnership to improve food security and livelihoods of malawian farmers, the department of agricultural extension services and the land resources conservation department of the. Fodder shrubs may be planted between the trees in the same line narp 1993. Process scheduler enables an application engine program to collect all relevant information from the tree and pass it to bi publisher. Fodder trees fodder trees are important feed sources for livestock in a wide range of agroforestry systems throughout the world. Trees protect the soil, and the soil gives nutrients to the trees. The study was conducted at tanahun, dhading, dolakha and sindhupalchok districts from june 15 th, 2012 to december 20, 2012. Similar development is also possible in the area under horticulture orchards. Paulino damiano, trees kenya country coordinator, 2015.

States with surplus dry fodder may indicate the quantity and type of fodder available with them, so that necessary arrangements for supply to scarcity area can be made. The impact of fodder trees on milk production and income among smallholder dairy farmers in east africa and the role of research. Trees provide fodder and boost production, a case study of shropshire based farmer tim downes outlining the benefits of incorporating trees into a dairy farm, including the potential nutritional benefits. Forage value the forage value of any feed depends on the combination of its palatability, nutritive value and digestibility.

Nutritional characteristics of fodder legumes the composition of common fodder trees and shrubs is shown in table ii. Adamawa state college of agriculture, ganye, nigeria abstract. The key negative issue was weed control in the establishment of the willow. Calliandra fodder tree world agroforestry centre fodder trees for more milk and income. Most fodder trees are multipurpose, providing products such as firewood and services such as soil. Pdf fodder trees for improving livestock productivity and. Trees for fodder introduction in lowincome countries, livestock keeping is extremely important as a pathway towards poverty alleviation and nutritional security for millions of people. This finding also highlighted the scope of fodder trees in the hills. The most important aspect of fodder trees as a source of feed for farm animals is the high protein. For most nz farms, forage is pasture or some other mono crop such as chicory or brassica, etc. Sprouted barley fodder fact sheet compiled by fay benson and liz burrichter table 4. Using trees as fodder farmers usually harvest trees for supplementary fodder by pruning and pollarding the poplars and willows they planted for erosion control, or by coppicing or grazing livestock on fodder blocks, and some also take advantage of natural leaf fall from poplar trees and leave animals in paddocks for this purpose.

This increases the fertility in the soil, and so trees have more nutrients to grow. Fodder trees green fodder is produced from tree crops. Fodder trees reduce the cost of meeting dairy cows protein requirements. Trees also make up a large portion of the foliage in our yards and landscapes, creating a beautiful mosaic of colors, shapes, and sizes. In east africa, about 4050% of fodder tree planters are women. Nutritive evaluation of some fodder tree species during the dry.

Trees from select seed often yield better, are better adapted to a wide range of sites, provide improved fodder quality and are more resistant to pests and diseases. In the sahel, farmers do not plant fodder trees but purposely allow emerging seedlings to grow on their farms so as to harvest fodder from them. Fodder trees and shrubs have always played a role in feeding livestock. Grevillea robusta, a tree useful for timber and firewood along their boundaries. Trees and shrubs have long been considered as important sources of nutrition for grazing animals, especially in those areas with a pronounced dry season. Paulino damiano, trees kenya country coordinator, 2015 i used to struggle to feed my 3 dairy cows and 6 dairy goats now i have sufficient fodder leaves.

Fodder trees, nurseries and their central role in the hillfarming systems of nepal patrick robinson and ian thompson introduction this paper highlights the importance of fodder trees to livestock production in nepal, and discusses the role of villagelevel nurseries for the supply of fodder tree seedlings. The potential for trees to provide valuable stock feed depends largely upon the type of stock and the relative costs of alternative fodder options. Fao fodder tree options prepared by mark bell uc davis 2012 from khaurin. Some versions of the bible tell us in exodus chapter 31 that jacob fed his ewes on poplar foliage, and they grew really well. Good fodder trees should produce large crowns above livestock reach, that are capable of severe lopping during periods of high environmental stress. Moringa for cattle fodder and plant growth july 2006 moringa.

Nutritional evaluation of some top fodder tree leaves and. The mean land holding hahousehold size of a household in the study sites n100 districts khet bari kharbari total % share tanahun 0. They provide shade on hot days, the paper and wood products that we use every day, and food and clean water for wildlife and humans alike. It describes in short how farmers can benefit from fodder trees and.

Trees benefit people economically, socially, and ecologically. Fodder trees for improving livestock productivity and. The scope and potentials of fodder trees and shrubs in agroforestry jamala, g. Fodder trees require little land, labor or capital but are knowledgeintensive.

Sheep and cattle, although similar in their nutritional requirements, have quite different grazing habits and may require different tree. To avoid a browser or tuxedo timeout, we recommend that you export large trees to pdf files before you print them. Animals fed tree fodder together with grasses will therefore be. Fodder trees and shrubs become then important as a source of energy and protein to keep the animals body healthy, improve growth rates and even increase milk and wool production. Grass and legume combinations in livestock feeding systems. The three most preferred species in the subhumid zone were triumfetta tomentosa, commiphora zimmermanii, and bridelia micrantha. Planting and pruning management have also been examined, especially for. Grasslands as the term grassland biome suggests, grasses rather than trees or large shrubs dominate such environments. Fodder trees, nurseries and their central role in the hillfarming systems of nepal patrick robinson and ian thompson introduction this paper highlights the importance of fodder trees to livestock production in nepal, and discusses the role of villagelevel nurseries for the supply of foddertree seedlings. Contributor names rich, tony interviewee hufford, mary, 1952 interviewer created published may 26, 1996. Fodder trees are also planted in other countries, such as ethiopia, malawi and zimbabwe 6, 7. In puerto rico and florida, goat production is limited by low quality grasses. Pdf fodder trees are important feed sources for livestock in a wide range of farming systems in africa.

Multiple usages of forest trees by the tribes of kalahandi. The 4 key trees and shrubs for supplying large quantities of fastgrowing, nutritious and palatable fodder are saltbush atriplex halimus tree lucerne tagasaste chamaecytisus palmensis poplars populus e. Nov 30, 2017 fodder trees green fodder is produced from tree crops. Fodder trees are grown in the hydrated landscape, the leaves and bark of which are devoured by goats and sheep.

Wed like to understand how you use our websites in order to improve them. The most positive aspect of using fodder trees was viewed as improved animal health and welfare. Zephaniah njiru, dairy farmer, kenya, 2015 tree leaves can offset the cost of cattle feed by 100%. Trees for life would like to help promote and foster such research. The three major sources of fodder supply are crop residues, cultivated fodder and fodder from common property resources like forests, permanent pastures and grazing lands. Nutritive values of seven high priority indigenous fodder tree species. Fodder trees for micronutrient supply in grass based. Vitamin analysis based on 6day grass samples mgkg dm mold is the number one problem for producers of sprouted fodder main source of contamination is from the seed. The uptake of fodder shrubs among smallholders in east africa. Sheep and cattle, although similar in their nutritional requirements, have quite different grazing habits and may require different tree species or management systems. Eastern provinces south west northern provinces species common name.

Whichever case, the value of trees and shrubs as fodder needs to be kept in perspective with other commercial end uses when examining incentives for planting trees on farms. Radcliffe, crop research division, department of scientific and industrial research, christchurch nz. Key challenges constraining uptake are limited suitable species, seed and extension. Printing trees uses bi publisher, application engine, and process scheduler. Douglas 3 1faculty of renewable natural resources, college of agriculture and natural resources, kwame nkrumah university of. Potential research themes were protection of browsing trees, the selection of fodder species, and system design. Livestock feeding systems for animal fodder in permaculture. For more information about the role of trees in livestock systems see the following resources. Forest trees are the integral part of human society. The current status of animal protein deficiency in developing world is caused by lack of forage. This paper highlights the importance of fodder trees to livestock production in nepal, and discusses the role of villagelevel nurseries for the supply of fodder tree. Fodder tree options university of california, davis.

This cycle works to protect soil life and natural fertility. Alternatively, in intensively managed agricultural areas, trees can be grown totally protected and the. This huge land resource can be utilized for growing fodder, not only as an understorey on the partially shaded ground without affecting standing trees. The wood, bark, leaves, fruits, seeds and roots of trees yield food, fodder, shelter, medicine, fibre, resin, oils and other. Supply and demand scenario of forage and roughage is. Farmers preferences and use of local fodder trees and shrubs. The use of fodder trees and shrubs have been secondary to these efforts, despite their potential value in prevailing small farm systems devendra, 1983. Fodder trees for cattle and goats in the netherlands. Hawthorn crataegus monogyna used as protection to other edible fodder trees.

Fodder trees, nurseries and their central role in the hillfarming. Highly productive animal fodder production can be achieved through several means. Jun 08, 2017 permaculture livestock feeding systems. Leaf fodder and the acorns will be wonderful for our pigs. The left over woody biomass can either become material for building erosionrepairing fascines, or innoculated with saprophytic edible mushrooms like shitake. Potential fodder trees and shrubs for meat goats in the. Leguminous trees and shrubs have root nodules that can often fix nitrogen from the atmosphere, making it available to plants. Use of fodder trees and shrub forages during such period is one. Fastgrowing leguminous trees or shrubs the terms tree and shrub are used synonymously in this paper have the potential to alleviate farmers feed problems. Trees and bushes of afghanistan afghan agriculture.

Some of the fodder trees are leguminous and in addition to providing fodder, may have add itional be nefits for s oil fertil ity anony mous 2009. The number of products provided by trees worldwide is extensive. Currently, dutch dairy farms usually feed their cattle with a combination of spring summer grazing and imported maize silage andor concentrates. The scope and potentials of fodder trees and shrubs in. Not a good biodiversity tree in uk so planting is well spaced. Because daily needs of fodder, fuel, leaf litter, etc.

In dry season, therefore, fodder tree leaves become an important source of nutrients for livestock in sudan. The impact of fodder trees on milk production and income. The purpose of this research are to examine the agronomic needs of. Forest trees provide both direct and indirect benefits to humans. Trees leaves provide organic matter for soil organisms. In the tropics and subtropics several legumes and fodder trees have never been exploited as a feed for goats e. In permaculture livestock feeding systems, high quality seed and green fodder can be made available year round for raising small livestock or larger animals. In the highlands of uganda, rwanda, northern tanzania and especially kenya, most farmers must cut and carry feed to their confined dairy cows or goats, and finding enough good quality fodder is a key issue.